Course Catalog - General

The General tab of the Course Catalog is where administrators can set basic metadata for training items, including metadata like title, description, keywords, thumbnail images, default languages, and more.

Design Note: An updated interface is available for this page, which can be enabled by administrators in Feature Activation Preferences. With the new design, the functionality of the page is unchanged.

To access the Course Catalog, go to Admin > Tools > Learning > Catalog Management > Course Catalog. Then, search for the LO you want to modify and click the Options drop-down menu next to it. Click the Edit link.

PERMISSION NAME PERMISSION DESCRIPTION CATEGORY
Course Catalog - Manage Screen Resolution Grants ability to manage screen resolution for courses at the learning object level, via the course catalog. This permission works in conjunction with the Course Catalog - Update permission. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Course Catalog - Update

Grants ability to manage and edit training items listed in the Course Catalog and also grants access to the Course Console, where training can also be managed and edited. This permission also grants access to the Popular Requests and Highest Rated widgets on the Learning Admin Console (in conjunction with the Learning Admin Console - View permission). This permission also allows administrators to reversion online courses via the Course Console page. This permission also allows administrators to access an Edit Training option for training items included as objectives in Development plans.

This permission can be constrained by OU, User's OU, Training Type, Training Item, Provider, ILT Provider, User's ILT Provider, User, User Self and Subordinates, and User's LO Availability. This is an administrator permission.

Note: Adding an OU constraint and a provider constraint to this permission results in an "AND" statement.

Learning - Administration
Course Code -Edit Grants ability to edit Training Course Codes. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Course Code - View Grants ability to view Training Course Codes. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Edit Online Course Providers

Grants ability to edit the Provider field for an online course via the Course Catalog and Course Console. User must also have permission to view the Course Catalog. This permission cannot be constrained. This is an administrator permission.

 Learning - Administration
LO Attachments - Manage Grants ability to upload attachments to learning objects. Administrators with this permission are automatically granted the LO Attachments - View permission. This permission can be constrained by User's ILT Provider, Provider, and ILT Provider. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
LO Attachments - View Grants ability to view the learning object attachments that are set to be available to administrators. This permission can be constrained by User's ILT Provider, Provider, and ILT Provider. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
LO Completion Approvals - Manage Grants ability, when editing a learning object via the course catalog, to specify number of approvals required when a user attempts to mark the learning object complete. This permission works in conjunction with the Course Catalog - Update permission. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
LO Required Approvals - Manage Grants ability, when editing a learning object (LO) via the course catalog, to specify number of approvals required when users request that learning object. When viewing the Course Console, this permission also grants the ability to view the number of training approvals a user must receive when requesting the LO. This permission works in conjunction with the Course Catalog - Update and Course Catalog - View permissions. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
LO Equivalency Report Grants access to LO Equivalency Report which allows administrators to view all items that are set to equivalent in the course catalog. Reports - Training
Local Network Player - Download Courses from Catalog Grants access to the Download Network Player link in Course Catalog. Also, grants access to download courses to the local network from the Course Catalog. Users must also have permission to access the Course Catalog. A user can download any course to which the user has permission to view within the Course Catalog. This permission is controlled by a backend setting. This permission is recommended for end users of the LMS, local trainers, and LMS administrators. Learning
Materials Management Grants ability to view the Material Administration page and create, edit, and copy materials. Once created, these "materials" can be managed like other learning objects via the course catalog. This permission can be constrained by OU, User's OU, and Provider. The constraints on this permission determine which materials the administrator is able to view, edit, copy, and create. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Offline Content Administration Grants ability to access and manage the Offline Preferences page. This permission also enables the administrator to select which learning objects are available for use with the new Offline Player via the Course Catalog. This permission cannot be constrained. This is an administrator permission. Mobile
Old Offline Player Administration Enables the administrator to select which learning objects are available for use with the old Offline Player via the Course Catalog. This permission cannot be constrained. This is an administrator permission. Learning
Training-Restrict Prerequisite Pre-Work Post-Work Grants ability to restrict the select training popup, for prerequisites, pre-work, and post-work. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Training Completion Page Preferences - Manage Grants ability to access and edit the Training Completion Page Preferences where the administrator can configure the default behavior for training completion pages, including whether a completion page is enabled by default for each learning object (LO) type and the default completion message that appears on the Training Completion page. This permission cannot be constrained. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Training Completion Signature Preferences Grants ability to manage Training Completion Signature preferences, to configure a required electronic training completion signature. This permission works in conjunction with the Learning Preferences permission. This permission can be constrained by OU and User's OU. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Training Equivalency - Manage Allow users to define equivalent training items via the Course Catalog. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration
Training Equivalency - View Allow users to view equivalent training items when searching for training. This is an end user permission. Learning - Administration
Training Mobile - Manage Grants ability to configure the Mobile field for a training in the Catalog. This permission is dependent on the Course Catalog - View permission. This permission cannot be constrained. This is an administrator permission. Learning - Administration

General Fields

To edit an individual learning object (LO), click the Edit icon to the left of the learning object.

  1. Original Title (Online courses only) - This field reflects the original title of the uploaded SCORM or AICC course file and cannot be edited. The field will be blank if the course was loaded to the portal on the back end outside of the UI. The Original Title for uploaded courses will also initially populate the Title field, which can be edited and localized.
  2. Course Code - A unique course code is automatically generated for several types of LOs when they are created if course code functionality and preferences have been activated in the portal. This auto-generated course code displays on the Course Catalog - General page, where it can be manually edited by administrators with the permissions to view and edit course codes. Click the Edit icon next to the course code to make changes to the code prefix and suffix. Duplicate course codes cannot be created.
  3. Title - For organizations with multiple languages enabled, the Title field is an editable text box which enables administrators to localize the LO title. The localized title is the title that is displayed to users in their default language. By default, when editing the LO, the localized title is displayed in the administrator's language unless the title is not yet translated to the administrator's language. After editing the localized title field or localizing the title to other languages, you must click the Save button at the bottom of the page to save your changes. Otherwise, they are not saved. The character limit is 500.
    • Some special characters (<, >, [, ], ^, +) are not supported in the title as they can cause security risks. They may be saved in the Title field, but they will not display upon saving the modifications.
    • Administrators can edit the text in the Title field to update the translation for their language.
    • Administrators can click the Translate icon to the right of the field to open the standard text translation pop-up and localize the LO title to other available languages.
  4. Provider (available for Online Course LOs) - To edit the provider, click the pop-up icon . From the Search Providers pop-up, select the appropriate provider. This field is only editable for online courses, and it can only be edited by users who have permission to edit online course providers.
    • To remove the existing provider, click the Remove icon . This field is required, so a new provider must be selected in order to save the online course.
  5. Training Hours (available for event, material, test, and video LOs) - Enter the training hours associated with the LO in hours and minutes. This field is optional. Note: Training Hours for a curriculum is the cumulative training hours of the LOs within the curriculum. Also, the training hours are only displayed for a curriculum if enabled by a backend setting.
  6. Keywords - Enter words to associate with the learning object. Keywords and phrases can be separated by comma or semicolon. When a user searches for learning object and enters any of the keywords specified here, the course title will appear in the search results. Search results are returned for up to 38 characters per keyword, and results will not be returned for longer keywords. If multiple languages are enabled, click the Translate icon to the right of the field to localize the values to the other available languages.
  7. Description - Enter a description of the LO to display in the Training Details. This field accepts HTML, and the character limit for this field is 5000. If multiple languages are enabled for your portal, select the Translate icon to translate the field into other available languages.
  8. Thumbnail Image - This field enables administrators to associate an image with a training. This image is a visual representation of the training and applies to the following pages:
    • Browse for Training landing page and tile view
    • Course Console pages
    • Course Recommendations on Training Completion page
    • Learner Home
    • Learning Search Tiles

    If the training does not have a custom image set for it, the default image displays. Default thumbnail images can be configured for different training types via the Default Training Image Preferences page. See Default Training Image Preferences.

    The following image specifications are recommended:

    • Aspect ratio of 2:1
    • The following image types can be uploaded: bmp, gif, jpg, jpeg, and png.
    • Maximum image file size: 120KB

    To upload an image for the training, click the BROWSE button. Then, select the appropriate file and click the UPLOAD button.

  9. Subscriptions - The Subscriptions field displays any Content Anytime subscriptions with which the training is associated.
  10. Resources - This section enables administrators to view and manage attachments for the learning object (LO). The visibility of each attachment can be determined by the administrator. For example, some attachments may be visible to only administrators, while other attachments may be visible to all users. In addition, attachments can be made visible to users only if they are registered for the corresponding LO. This section is only available for users that have permission to view or manage LO attachments. See Course Catalog - General - Resources.
  11. Available Languages - From this drop-down list, select the language(s) the learning object (LO) is delivered in. In the Training Details, the learner can see the languages in which the training is available. Additionally, the learner can use this field to filter Global Search results in the Refine Search section, if the learner only wants to see LOs delivered in a particular language.
  12. Download Course - This row is only available if Network Player is enabled, the user has permission to download courses from Course Catalog, the course is SCORM 1.2 or 2004 compliant, and the course was tagged as downloadable when it was published.
    • Click to Download - Click this link to download the course to the local network via the Network Download Wizard. See Network Player - Course Download Wizard. Note: The network player download path must be set up on the Set Network Player Download Paths page prior to downloading a course.
    • Warning notification - A warning notification is displayed if the online version of the course is out of sync with the downloaded version of the course. The locations that are displayed are specific to the user that is logged in to the system. The user can click the warning message to open the local repository. The Warning icon appears if new course files are uploaded or if the course is modified in Course Publisher or Course Builder.
  13. Default Language - This displays the default language of the LO. If a user views an LO in a language that does not have a translation, the information is displayed in the default language for the LO. When an administrator creates an LO, the default language for the LO is the administrator's default language at the time they create the LO.
  14. Points - This field enables administrators to assign points to the training, which will be awarded to the user when they complete the training. This is intended to encourage and motivate the user to complete more training and earn more points. Enter the number of points a user will receive when they complete the training. This field accepts whole numbers between 0 and 1,000.
    • For LOs that are comprised of other LOs, such as curricula, libraries, and programs, the user receives points for the larger LO (e.g., curricula, library) and any LOs that the user completed within the structure of the larger LO.
    • For tests, points are only awarded if the user passes the test.
    • When editing a program, the new points are only applied to cohorts that are created after the changes are made.
    • Note: The user is not awarded a badge or points retroactively if they completed the LO before the badge or points were associated with the LO. Also, the user is not awarded a badge or points for a LO if the user completes an equivalent LO, is marked Exempt, is granted an exception, or is assigned the LO in a Completed status via a learning assignment.
  15. Badge - This field enables administrators to assign a Learning badge to the training, which will be awarded to the user when they complete the training. This is intended to encourage and motivate the user to complete more training and earn more badges. Click the Add Badge link to select one of the Learning badges. Within the Select Badge pop-up, administrators can search for badges by title and description. Only active Learning badges that are available to the administrator can be selected, and badges must be configured via Badge & Point Preferences before they are available to be selected. See Badge & Point Preferences - Badges.
    • Once the badge is selected, it appears below the Add Badge link. To disassociate the selected badge from the LO, click the Remove icon to the right of the badge.
    • For tests, badges are only awarded if the user passes the test.
    • When editing a program, the new badge is only applied to cohorts that are created after the changes are made.
    • Note: The user is not awarded a badge or points retroactively if they completed the LO before the badge or points were associated with the LO. Also, the user is not awarded a badge or points for a LO if the user completes an equivalent LO, is marked Exempt, is granted an exception, or is assigned the LO in a Completed status via a learning assignment.
  16. Credits - Enter the number of credits a user will receive once they complete the training. Credits earned by users can be reported on via reporting.
  17. Max Score - Note: This field is only only displayed for SCORM 1.2 and AICC online courses. This field enables you to define the total number of points that are possible for an online course. Enter a numerical value in the Max Score field. The field accepts up to three numeric characters. If a value is not entered, the value is assumed to be zero and a score does not display for the user.
    • If a value greater than zero is entered, the user can view the score on the Training Details page in their transcript. If a value of zero is entered, then a score does not display for the user.
    • The user's score is calculated as a percentage of correct answers: [Number of Correct Answers] x 100 / [Max Score]. For example if the value in the Max Score field is 30 and the user answers 21 out of 30 questions correctly, their score is 70%.

    Note: The value entered in the Max Score field should accurately reflect the design of the online course. This ensures accurate calculation of the user's score.

  18. Pre-Work - Pre-work is only available for online course, quick course, material, test, and video LOs. This section enables administrators to set pre-work. Pre-work should be completed prior to completing this LO. Note: Pre-work is also available for sessions via Manage Events & Sessions. See Course Catalog - General - Pre-Work.
  19. Post-Work - Post-work is only available for online course, quick course, material, test, and video LOs. Note: Post-work is also available for sessions via Manage Events & Sessions. This section enables administrators to set post-work. Post-work should be completed after completing this LO. See Course Catalog - General - Post-Work.
  20. Material Image
  21. Material Source - This displays the material's source. This value can only be modified via Material Administration. See Material Administration.
  22. Request Form - Select a request form from drop-down if applicable.
  23. Required Training Approvals - Enter the number of approvals that are required for initial approval. Leaving this field blank or setting the field to 0 causes the system to default to the number of required training approvals set in the User Record. Setting required training approvals at the LO level will override the required training approvals in the User Record unless the required approvals on the User Record is set to zero. The visibility of this field is configurable.
  24. Required Completion Approvals - Enter the number of approvals that are required in order for a user to receive completion approval for the LO. If left blank, the LO will follow the normal workflow for LO completion. If a value is entered (number greater than 0) the LO will require completion approval for ALL users who complete the training using the normal approval work-flow process. Note: This setting is only available to users with permission to manage LO completion approvals.
  25. Screen Resolution - Set the appropriate pixel width and height for the LO. This option is only available for administrators with permission to manage screen resolution within Course Catalog.
  26. Recurrence - The Recurrence option in Course Catalog is only available for online class, quick course, material, or test LOs. Recurrence can be configured for curricula LOs in Curricula Administration. This section enables administrators to determine the recurrence options for the LO. To enable this functionality, contact Global Customer Support.
  27. Available Offline - These options are only available for courses that meet the technical requirements for use with the Offline Player or Offline Network Player. The following options are available in the Available Offline section:
    • Allow download for offline consumption - This option must be selected for a course to be eligible for use with the Offline Player. If this flag is not set, users do not have the option to download the course. This option is only available to administrators with permission to administer offline functionality.
    • Allow launch from offline network location - When this option is selected, the course is flagged to be able to be launched from a network location. This means that the administrator can download the course to a network location, and then users can access the network location via the Offline Network Player and complete the course without an Internet connection. When this option is selected, the Allow download for offline consumption option is automatically selected, and deselecting the Allow download for offline consumption option automatically deselects this option. This option is only available to administrators with permission to administer offline content and flag courses to be available offline from a network location.
  28. Language Equivalents - Search and select courses that are equivalent to the training item in another language. You must enable the permissions that allow administrators to view and manage training equivalencies to manage and view this option. This option is only available for users that have permission to run the LO Equivalency Report. Child LOs in a curriculum do not respect language equivalency.
  29. Training Equivalents - This section enables administrators to set training equivalents for an LO. Note: If any one of the languages the training supports overlaps with the language of the training to which is being added as an equivalency, the system will tag it as training equivalence and not language equivalence. See Course Catalog - General - Training Equivalents.
  30. Training Purpose - If training purpose functionality is active in your portal and purposes have been created in Training Purpose Administration, the Training Purpose field displays. Select the boxes to choose one or more training purposes. Purposes are unchecked by default and listed in alphabetical order. Note: Adding or editing a purpose for an LO only affects future instances of assigning or requesting the LO after the purpose is added.
  31. Exclude from Course Recommendations - When this option is selected, the course will not be included in the list of recommended courses that is displayed on the Training Completion page when a user completes a course. Note: The list of courses that are recommended to users is refreshed every seven days.
    • Use Case: A New Hire training course should be excluded from recommendations because users should only complete this training when it is assigned to them.

Active

The following options are available in the Active field:

  • When selected, the training is active - Select this option to make the course active and searchable. If the course is not marked as Active, the training will not be accessible to any users through any search mechanisms.
  • Deactivate this course - The automatic course deactivation feature enables administrators to set a course to deactivate automatically on a certain date in the future. Once the deactivation date is reached, the course is automatically set to Inactive and is no longer available for users.
    • This option is unchecked by default. Only active training can be deactivated.
    • If the training is deactivated, all related versions are deactivated. If an event is deactivated all of the event's sessions are deactivated.
    • Note: The When selected, this training is active option must be selected in order for the Deactivate this course option to be enabled. If the When selected, this training is active option is unselected, any currently defined settings in the Deactivate this course option are cleared and unrecoverable.

To configure automatic training deactivation:

  1. Select the Deactivate this course option. This enables the date field.
  2. Enter a deactivation date in the date field. Or, use the calendar feature to select a date. The date must be a future date; it cannot be a past date or the current date. This is a required field.

Once the deactivation date is reached, the training is automatically deactivated at 8 AM UTC. The Deactivate this course option becomes disabled and can only be enabled by checking the When selected, this training is active option.

  • An administrator would like to configure all courses that are no longer relevant to deactivate on a certain date. The administrator accesses Course Catalog and configures each irrelevant course to become inactive six months from the current date. On that date, each course automatically becomes inactive in Course Catalog and is no longer available for users. Note: As with current functionality for deactivated training, if a training item is in a user's transcript at the time of deactivation, the training remains in the user's transcript but the user can no longer complete the training if the training is not currently complete.
  • An organization requires all training in the Learning Management System to be reviewed once a year. All new training is configured in Course Catalog to be deactivated automatically one year after activation. Using the Training Deactivation email trigger, the Learning administrator is notified of the impending training deactivation and reviews each training item that is about to expire to determine if the training should be updated and remain active or if the automatic deactivation should occur. The administrator updates some of the training items and resets the deactivation date. All other training deactivates on the defined date.

Mobile

Configure whether the course is enabled for mobile devices and whether the course is designed with responsive properties. This option is only available to administrators who have permission to flag LOs as mobile-enabled.

  • Allow this training to be viewed via the Cornerstone Mobile application/website - Select this option to enable users to access the LO via the Cornerstone mobile application. The course must be configured using supported technologies and platforms in order for the course to function properly within the mobile application.
  • If checked, the mobile course will launch on device's external browser - This option is only available for AICC courses. When this option is selected for a course, the course is opened in an external browser when it is launched from a mobile device. This is recommended for courses that require multiple windows.
    • In order to test if an AICC course requires multiple windows, open the course from the desktop application. If the course opens two browser windows when it launches, then the course requires multiple windows. Similarly, open the course from the course from the mobile application. If the course appears as though it is trying load content but nothing happens, then the course likely requires multiple windows.
    • Best Practice: Organizations should only enable an AICC course to be opened in an external browser if the course maintains progress gradually as the user completes the course, as closing the browser tab of the course does not guarantee that the course progress is saved.

Electronic Signature Settings

  • Required Electronic Signature - Implementation Note: This option is not enforced until this functionality is activated via Default Training Completion Signature Preferences. However, it is critical that administrators configure this option for all LOs prior to activating this functionality. When this option is selected, a user who has completed the training must provide an electronic training completion signature in order for the training to be considered Completed. In order for a user to be required to provide an electronic completion signature, the Electronic Signature functionality must also be enabled for the user's OU via Training Completion Electronic Signature Preferences. . When a LO is created, the default setting for this option is determined in Default Training Completion Signature Preferences.
  • Signature Message - Enter a custom signature message that appears on the electronic signature section on the Training Details page as well as in the Comment section of the Signed By history stamp. The signature message appears for users to acknowledge that they have completed the training item. The message defined in the Signature Message field displays instead of the default signature message that is specified in the Training Completion Signature Preferences page and is only applied to this particular learning object. This field is blank by default and is optional. The character limit for this field is 1000. If multiple languages are enabled, click the Translate icon to the right of the field to localize the values to the other available languages. Note: This field is only available if you have permission to manage Training Completion Signature preferences.
    • This custom signature message for the LO is visible to users who are assigned or enrolled in the learning object. The user must also be in a division that requires electronic signatures for the particular LO type.
    • After a training item is electronically signed, the message is removed and is only displayed in the History section.
    • If the administrator modifies an existing custom message, the message is updated for all users with the training on their transcript who have not yet achieved a status of Complete. The message does not change for users who have already completed the training. This behavior also applies if the custom message is removed.

Please note, if any changes are made to the training completion signature setting for the LO (set to On or Off), these changes will take effect immediately for users where the LO is assigned or requested but not yet completed.

Compatibility Mode

The Internet browser compatibility mode for an online course determines which compatibility mode, if any, is applied when the online course is launched. From the drop-down menu, select the compatibility mode for the online course. The default value for this setting is set in Content Launching Preferences. Note: This option only affects users using Internet Explorer; users using other browsers (e.g., Chrome, Firefox) are unaffected.

Training Completion Page Settings

A Training Completion page is a page that is available to a user when they complete the training. Depending on the configuration of the training and the portal, the Training Completion page may display any points or badges that were awarded and provide opportunities to rate and review the training, view their certificate of completion, evaluate the training.

Points and Badges Note: Points and Badges are only awarded to a user upon completing the LO if points and a badge have been configured for the LO. This is done in the Points and Badge fields on the Course Catalog - General page.

The following settings enable administrators to configure the Training Completion page for the LO. These settings are only available to administrators who have permission to manage Training Completion Page Preferences.

  • Enable Completion Page - When this option is selected, the Training Completion page is displayed when the user completes the training. When this option is not selected, the user does not receive a notification that they have completed the training. The default setting for this option is determined in Training Completion Page Preferences.
    • Use Case: A Training Completion page may be enabled for a LO to encourage users to rate the LO, encourage users to take additional training by displaying their awarded badge and training points, or to enable users to quickly access their certification.
    • Use Case: A Training Completion page may be disabled for a LO if the LO does not have any post-completion workflows, such as Compliance training.
  • Enable Default Completion Message - This option is only available when the Enable Completion Page option is selected. When this option is selected, the Training Completion page displays the default completion message that is defined in Training Completion Page Preferences. When this option is not selected, the Training Completion Message field is enabled, which allows the administrator to customize the message that is displayed to users when they complete this LO.
  • Training Completion Message - This field is only available when the Enable Default Completion Message option is not selected, and it is only available to administrators who have permission to manage Training Completion Page Preferences. This field allows the administrator to customize the message that is displayed to users when they complete this LO. This is useful if the LO requires specific completion instructions.
    • The Preview panel displays a preview of the message as it is currently configured. If tags are used in the message, then the tag is displayed with brackets in the preview.
    • To edit the completion message, click the Gear icon in the upper-right corner of the Preview panel. This opens an HTML editor, in which a custom message can be configured using HTML. Administrators can also localize the message within the HTML editor. See HTML Safe List.
    • To view a list of all of the tags that can be used in the custom message, click the List of Available Tags link. To use one of the tags, copy the tag from the pop-up and paste it into the custom message editor. Be sure to copy the brackets on both sides of the tag name.
    • Note: If all content is disabled on the Training Completion page and the Training Completion Message is blank for the LO, then a default message is displayed on the Training Completion page to prevent a blank page from being displayed.

Custom Fields

Any custom fields that are enabled for the LO type appear.

Save

Click Save to save changes to this page.

Modification History

General Modification History

The initial creation of an LO and changes to the title and description from anywhere in the system display as follows in the General Modification History section:

  • Title at Initial Creation - <Learning Object Type> created with <Language of Title> Title "<Title>" by <User Full Name> (<User ID>) on <Date/Time of Creation>.
  • Description at Initial Creation - <Learning Object Type> created with <Language of Description> Description of "<Description>" by <User Full Name> (<User ID>) on <Date/Time of Creation>.
  • Change to Title - Title in <Language of Title> was changed to "<New Title>" by <User Full Name> (<User ID>) on <Date/Time of Creation>.
  • Change to Description - Description in <Language of Description> was changed to "<New Description>" by <User Full Name> (<User ID>) on <Date/Time of Creation>.
  • Title/Description Translation Change - Title/Description in <Language> "<New Title/Description>" was added by <User Full Name> (<User ID>) on <Date/Time of Creation>.

Download History

If the Network Player is enabled, a Download History section appears within the Modification History section. This section displays the details for each time a course was successfully downloaded, including administrator name and user ID, download date and time, and download locations. This section is only available if the course was tagged as downloadable when it was published.

  • Bidirectional equivalent relationship - This following chart illustrates the effect of a bidirectional equivalent relationship. If A = B , (for bidirectional equivalency)

  • One way equivalent relationship - This following chart illustrates the effect of a one way equivalent relationship. If A > B, (for one way Equivalency)

Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence Recurrence

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